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The project began with a one year pilot study in Columbia, Hamilton, and Suwannee Counties, during which methodologies were developed in preparation to model the entire state. To train and validate the model, locations of sinkholes were required. Over two-and-a-half-years, field teams traversed the state investigating over 3,600 points of interest (potential sinkholes) and mapped 654 sinkholes. After evaluating fourteen different spatial data types, the three statistically strong spatial data layers were used to model the favorability of the State’s geology to sinkhole formation. The resulting map depicts four classes representing areas where the geology is least favorable to most favorable to sinkhole formation.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>The Florida Division of Emergency Management (DEM) contracted the Florida Geological Survey (FGS) to map the favorability of the State’s geology to sinkhole formation in response a large outbreak of sinkholes across the State following Tropical Storm Debby in late June, 2012. The project’s results are intended to bolster the State Hazard Mitigation Plan’s section on sinkhole hazards allowing for improved mitigation strategies. The three-and-a-half-year project was funded by the Federal Emergency Management Administration’ s Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (75%) and the State of Florida (25%).Florida Division of Emergency Management, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Florida Geological SurveyClint KromhoutFlorida Geological SurveyProfessional Geologist850-617-03003000 Commonwealth BlvdTallahasseeFL32303USClint.Kromhout@dep.state.fl.usAlan E. BakerFlorida Geological SurveyProfessional Geologist850-617-03003000 Commonwealth Blvd, Suite 1TallahasseeFlorida32303USAlan.Baker@dep.state.fl.usWeights of Evidence, WofE, Sinkholes, Florida, Subsidence, Hazard Mitigation, geologic hazard, GeologyISO 19115 Topic CategoriesgeoscientificInformation, GeologyWeights of EvidenceWofESinkholesFloridaSubsidenceHazard Mitigationgeologic hazardgeoscientificInformationGeology<DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>The data collected and entered into the output model by the Florida Geological Survey (FGS), an office of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), are provided solely as a general reference and are not intended to replace site-specific or use-specific investigations. Use of FGS data by an end-user for any purpose other than general reference shall free the DEP and the FGS from any and all liability for outcomes resulting from unintended or inappropriate applications of FGS data. Examples of such applications include but are not limited to the mapping of point data with respect to cadastral boundaries and the use of geologic data for engineering purposes, and the interpolation of results of laboratory analysis that may or may not be deemed geologically analogous. As with all data, coordinates and datasets are subject to inherent errors due to limitations in the resources and technology available to record data. The FGS makes every effort to provide the most up-to-date and accurate information possible, but cannot be held liable for the use of outdated data regardless of whether more current data have been obtained, analyzed, or made available by the FGS or DEP. Any modifications of FGS data by end-users must be acknowledged and noted appropriately in all subsequent products and analysis, and any FGS logos or author information must be removed from altered FGS products prior to distribution to any other individual or entity. All FGS data are distributed on an "as is" basis and end-users shall assume all risks concerning data quality, performance, and analytic results. The same shall also be true concerning the use of unpublished drafts of FGS products, which may not be distributed to other individuals or entities without prior FGS approval. Comments and inquiries regarding FGS data, projects, and other analysis are encouraged and the FGS asks to be notified of any documented errors or inaccuracies. As a professional courtesy, the FGS asks that due credit be given when data sets created and distributed by the FGS are utilized by other individuals or entities. Further, since some or all of the data yielded from each FGS project were developed using public funds, no proprietary rights may be attached to FGS products wholly or in part, nor may FGS products be sold to the U.S. Government or the Florida State Government as part of any procurement of products or services. By using FGS data for any purpose other than general reference, the end-user acknowledges all the aforementioned stipulations and absolves the FGS completely of any responsibility for unintended or inappropriate usage. For questions, comments, or observations regarding FGS datasets, including questions concerning appropriate uses for specific datasets, please contact the FGS.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>The Florida Geographic Data Library is a collection of Geospatial Data compiled by the University of Florida GeoPlan Center with support from the Florida Department of Transportation. GIS data available in FGDL is collected from various state, federal, and other agencies (data sources) who are data stewards, producers, or publishers. The data available in FGDL may not be the most current version of the data offered by the data source. University of Florida GeoPlan Center makes no guarantees about the currentness of the data and suggests that data users check with the data source to see if more recent versions of the data exist. Furthermore, the GIS data available in the FGDL are provided 'as is'. The University of Florida GeoPlan Center makes no warranties, guaranties or representations as to the truth, accuracy or completeness of the data provided by the data sources. The University of Florida GeoPlan Center makes no representations or warranties about the quality or suitability of the materials, either expressly or implied, including but not limited to any implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement. The University of Florida GeoPlan Center shall not be liable for any damages suffered as a result of using, modifying, contributing or distributing the materials. A note about data scale: Scale is an important factor in data usage. Certain scale datasets are not suitable for some project, analysis, or modeling purposes. Please be sure you are using the best available data. 1:24000 scale datasets are recommended for projects that are at the county level. 1:24000 data should NOT be used for high accuracy base mapping such as property parcel boundaries. 1:100000 scale datasets are recommended for projects that are at the multi-county or regional level. 1:125000 scale datasets are recommended for projects that are at the regional or state level or larger. Vector datasets with no defined scale or accuracy should be considered suspect. Make sure you are familiar with your data before using it for projects or analysis. Every effort has been made to supply the user with data documentation. For additional information, see the References section and the Data Source Contact section of this documentation. Version 6.2 (Build 9200) ; Esri ArcGIS 10.6.1.9270true-87.964032-79.30406631.23846924.189665Date completed 2017-06-30T00:00:002017-06-30T00:00:001-87.964032-79.30406631.23846924.189665The data provided by the Florida Geological Survey (FGS) model is solely for general reference and is not intended to replace site-specific or use-specific investigations. User acknowledges and releases FGS and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) from any and all liability, loss, damage or claim arising from any inaccuracies contained therein, and for its use of data for any purpose; including, but not limited to, mapping, engineering, and interpolation of laboratory results. All data provided by the model is distributed on an "as is" basis, without express or implied warranty for any purpose. End-users assume all risks concerning data quality, compatibility, performance, and analytic results. FGS does not guarantee the accuracy of the data provided, regardless of whether more current or accurate data was available to, or could have been used by, the FGS in its model. No user is authorized to adopt, display or reference any FGS logos or author information in any products. The FGS and FDEP do not endorse or recommend any products or services, and any reference to the FGS model must either include such disclaimer or be removed prior to distribution or publication. Comments and inquiries regarding FGS data, projects, and other analysis are encouraged. You may notify FGS of any noted or suspected errors or inaccuracies.The Favorability of Florida's Geology to Sinkhole Formation, prepared for the Florida Division of Emergency Management, Mitigation Section.The Florida Division of Emergency Management (DEM) contracted the Florida Geological Survey (FGS) to map the favorability of the State’s geology to sinkhole formation in response a large outbreak of sinkholes across the State following Tropical Storm Debby in late June, 2012. The project’s results are intended to bolster the State Hazard Mitigation Plan’s section on sinkhole hazards allowing for improved mitigation strategies. The three-and-a-half-year project was funded by the Federal Emergency Management Administration’ s Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (75%) and the State of Florida (25%).Spatial and Attribute InformationA favorability map of the Weights of Evidence Model was generated using three evidential themes that showed the strongest association with the training point theme and therefore were considered the strongest for identifying areas with favorable geology for sinkhole formation. Those layers were overburden (figure 8), a categorical representation of closed topographic depressions (figure 11) and, a layer depicting the difference between the water-table surface and the top of limestone (figure 12). Each of the model evidential layers were calculated against the study area training sites. A calculated weights table was used to pick the break between areas that are associated with training sites and areas not associated with sites. Those breaks for each of the evidential data layers used in the model are displayed in figures 8, 11, and 12. Overburden thickness was calculated by taking the top of limestone surface and subtracting it from land surface. Values across the state ranged from approximately 505 meters (~1,650 ft.) thick in the extreme southern Florida to 0 meters (0 ft.) which occurs mostly in the lower lying areas along the major area rivers in the big bend area of Florida. Intersecting the training sites with this evidential layer revealed that training sites occurred in areas with 31 meters (103 ft.) or less of overburden. A second observed category is from 31 meters (103 ft) to 88 meters (288 ft ) of overburden. This second classification is weekly associated with the formation of sinkholes. Areas where the calculated overburden values exceed 88 meters displayed no association with observed collapse sinkholes in the field and therefore had no association. (figure 8). Closed topographic depressions are sourced from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) 1:24,000 topographic maps and are the hachured closed isolines on the map (figure 9). Since sinkholes tend to be highly circular, filtering by circularity index allows for the removal of closed topographic depressions that are highly linear (e.g., a drainage ditch or linear dune feature). The circularity index of a feature is the ratio of the area of a perfect circle with the same perimeter as the closed depression. The circularity value is displayed as a ratio where 1.0 is a perfect circle and lower values are more elongated (figure 10). The depression features were intersected with the United States National Grid to summarize feature statistics on a 1 kilometer basis. The resulting 1km grid of closed depressions was then queried to find the best fit with the known sinkhole occurrences that field staff identified. These were then filtered based on an index of circularity or circular index (Denizman, 2003). Ultimately, closed topographic features with a circularity index of 0.75 or greater and depth ranges greater than 5 feet coupled with the existence of multiple sinks depressions within a grid cell meeting that criteria had the strongest association with the training point sites (figure 10). This evidential layer is separated into two classes based on the selection criteria discussed and is displayed as being associated with the known sinkholes. In some instances, multiple layers can be combined into a single layer to select for complex interactions between layers. For example, the difference between the top of limestone layer and the top of the potentiometric surface are two layers that have been combined into a single evidential theme. The combined layer references the difference between water table surface and top of limestone. The complex layer helps reveal the areas in the state where the top of soluble rock is near the potentiometric surface. Presumably, this is a zone where the hydraulic pumping action of the aquifer is most pronounced, thereby actively flushing sediments from cavities within the underlying soluble limestone rock layers (figure 12). Top of limestone data points are used to create a layer depicting the surface of limestone that is susceptible to dissolution. The layer was subtracted from a groundwater level surface and then intersected with training sites to show areas that are associated with sinkholes. Red areas are more associated with the training sites and have groundwater levels that are generally 0-10 meters (0-33 ft.) from the top the limestone. Areas with values more than 10 meters (33 ft.) are not associated with training sites.2023-06-05T00:00:00Garrett EvansFlorida Geological SurveyGIS Coordinator/Environmental Speciatist III3000 Commonwealth BlvdTallahasseeFl32303Garrett.Evans@floridadep.govUS850-617-0300Updated data obtained from FGS and updated within the GIS Library.
2023-06-23T00:00:00Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) OTISMS 65202600 Blair Stone RdTallahasseeFL32399-2400USGIS.Librarian@floridadep.govFlorida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) OTIS/GIS SectionThis dataset was downloaded by the GeoPlan Center on 5/22/2024 from the FDEP website (https://publicfiles.dep.state.fl.us/otis/gis/data/). The data was received as a File GeoDatabase Raster Dataset and was in the following projection: NAD_1983_2011_Florida_GDL_Albers. The dataset was projected to NAD_1983_HARN_Florida_GDL_Albers using the NAD_1983_HARN_To_NAD_1983_2011 transformation. The dataset was then exported to .tif
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